Category Archives: inflation

Inflation is Back, But the 1970s Aren’t

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November 29, 2021 — Are the US and other advanced countries experiencing stagflation?  Stagflation is the unfortunate combination of high inflation with low growth in output and employment that characterized the mid-1970s.  Are we back in that decade?

No.  At least not the US. What it is experiencing now is simply (moderate) inflation, without the stagnation part.  More like the 1960s than the 1970s.

It is true that the US headline CPI inflation rate reached 6.2 % over the 12 months to October, the highest since 1991.  Few are still forecasting an early return to 2 % , the Fed’s long-run target.  Inflation is also the highest in 10 years in the UK (4.2 %) and the EU (4.4 %), though it remains low in Japan.  12-month inflation is 4.1 % in the eurozone, the highest since a peak in July 2008.  (All these regions have lower – but still elevated — inflation rates if one uses the core measure, which takes out fast-rising food and energy prices. US core inflation is 4.6%.) read more

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Biden Avoids Mistake of Insufficient Fiscal Stimulus

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March 27, 2021It has been a year since the US and the world went into recession.  Because of its origins in the sudden pandemic, it was possible to reliably discern the advent of the recession before it was reflected in any of the standard economic statistics, which is rare.  (I hope it shocks no one to learn that economists can’t normally predict recessions.)

By the end of the second quarter of 2020, US GDP had fallen 11 %. This record plunge took the US economy from a level that is estimated to have been 1.0% above potential output at the end of 2019, to a level 10 % below potential in mid-2020.  Potential output is the level of GDP that is produced when unemployment is at its so-called natural rate, the capital stock is operating at the capacity for which it was designed, buildings have their normal occupancy rates, etc. read more

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Let’s Forget about 2% Inflation

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July 28, 2019 — The Fed has some reasons for cutting interest rates at its meeting July 31, or subsequently if the US economy weakens. (And there are some good arguments on the other side as well, if growth remains as strong as it has been over the last year.)  But I find less persuasive one argument for easing: a perceived imperative to get inflation up to 2.0% or higher.

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